The testes are an elemental part of the male reproductive system. The two testes are responsible for the production of testosterone and sperms. The inside of testes constitutes of lobules each with seminiferous tubules and epithelial cells in which the process of spermatogenesis occurs to form the sperms. The testicles are covered inside a sac that is made of smooth muscles that are responsible for the regulation of the temperature to make it suitable for the genesis and storage of sperms.

The ejaculatory duct passes the sperms from the testes and joins with the urethra where it mixes with semen and then it is passed to the exterior of the body. The prostate gland is the organ that is responsible for the production of semen that forms the larger portion of the fluid that is ejaculated from the body. The Cowper’s glands are also essential in the reproductive system because they aid in the secretion of a thick alkaline fluid that neutralizes the acid that may be in the urethra due to urine. It also aids in the lubrication of the urethra to enhance semen flow.

The penis is the external sexual organ for the male. The penis constitutes of some spongy tissues that aid the ejaculation process. The tissues allow the flow of blood into them which makes them filled up and then an individual erects. The penis is the organ that is responsible for the delivery of the semen with the sperms into the female organ during sex engagement. The semen also is the liquid that aids the transmission of sperms into the female organ, and it also has other chemical components that are significant to enhance the reproduction process.

Spermatogenesis is one of the elemental processes in the female reproductive system. This is the process through which the male adults produce sperms, and it takes place in the epididymis of the testes. The production of the FSH and LH are essential in the triggering of spermatogenesis in the males. LH initiates the release of testosterone while FSH initiates the germ cells’ maturation. Testosterone is the hormone that that initiate the testes cell to begin the process of spermatogenesis through the stimulation of the maturity of the spermatocytes. These cells go through the differentiation process, and they lead to the formation of mature spermatozoa. Spermatozoa cells are them moved to the epididymis complete maturation follows and can navigate. The mature sperm produced has its physiological mechanisms that can enhance the swimming process and the dissolving of the female cover to facilitate the fertilization process.

The Ovaries are fundamental parts of the female reproductive system. These organs are responsible for the production of the eggs and the female sexual organs progesterone and estrogen. The production of mature eggs takes place monthly before its release to the fallopian tube and uterus. The fallopian tubes pick up and propel the mature egg from the ovary and then propagate it to the uterus. The fallopian tubes are also the sites where fertilization takes place in case of the presence of a sperm.

The uterus is connected to the cervix at one end and the other to the fallopian tubes. The uterus constitutes the womb in which the development of the fetus is supported during pregnancy. The uterus has a fluid and lining that is physiologically adapted to support the development of the fetus in a dedicated form in the early stages of development. The contracting and expansion of the uterus at birth enhances the expulsion through the canal and the vagina. The vagina is connected to the uterus by the cervix, and it is the organ through which the penis penetrates to deliver the sperms to the female system. It also acts as the canal through which birth takes place. The vulva forms the external part of the vagina, and it holds the clitoris.

The breasts hold the mammary glands that are specialized tissues in the thoracic part of the body. They produce the milk that is essential for the nourishment of the baby after birth. It contains the ducts that have the nipples for the delivery of the milk.

The reproductive cycle in the females forms the basis for their physiological functions. The FSH and LH hormones initiate the production of the egg, and the ovum matures every month then it is released to the fallopian tube. After fertilization, it moves to the uterus where cell division and the development of the fetus takes place during pregnancy. The implantation process in the uterus takes place when the placenta, umbilical cord, and amniotic cavities form to support the physiological development of the uterus. Menstruation occurs when the egg stays in the fallopian tube and then it does not become fertilized in time. The collapse of the endometrium leads to a massive flow of blood which is commonly experienced by the females after every 28 days in a months.

The production and release of milk for feeding of the infant is referred to as lactation. The hormone prolactin and oxytocin are responsible for controlling the lactation process, and the production of milk after the mother exposed to the triggers including the suckling of the nipples by the infant.