“What is Ocean Acidification?” National Ocean Service.The primary objective of the article “what is ocean acidification” by the National Ocean Services is to elaborate what ocean acidification is all about. The first part of the review defines ocean acidification as the uptake of CO2 from the atmosphere which in turn results in a fall in the pH of waters in the ocean. The second section seeks to expound the history of ocean acidification. Precisely, the history of ocean acidification can be traced back to over 20 decades ago or the onset of the industrial revolution that played a significant role in the increase in the levels of CO2 in the atmosphere.

An increase in the CO2 in the atmosphere leads to a rise in the acidification of oceans and a reduction in carbonate ions that are the primary components in the maintenance of shell as well as other calcium carbonates. A change in the chemistry of the ocean also impacts on the livelihood of non-calcifying organisms such as fish.

“Ocean Acidification”, The Ocean Portal Team.
The “Ocean Acidification” article by the ocean portal team aims to expound the effects of the acidification of oceans. The ocean portal team defines ocean acidification, also referred to as “climate change,” as the significant release of CO2 into the atmosphere, in turn, causing harmful effects to organisms leaving underwater and the environment at large. More than a quarter of the CO2 that comes from the burning of coal, oil, and gas does not stay in the atmosphere but instead finds its way into the ocean. The second section talks about the chemistry of acidification by pointing out that when CO2 finds its way into oceanic waters, it increases the pH consequently increasing acidity levels.

The impact of acidity of oceanic waters is vital as a small change in pH affects lives. For instance, a small change can lead to seizure or even death of aquatic lives. Although some organisms may adapt to such changes, they are likely to suffer in one way or the other, and the mass death of a particular species can lead to extinction. It is thus essential that the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere is stabilized to avoid adverse effects.

“Ocean Acidification,” National Geographic.
The primary objective of the article is to explain the effects of ocean acidification. It begins by elaborating how human activities in recent years have increased to the level of CO2in the atmosphere leading to an increase in the pH of water which has negative global consequences. Scientists state that more than a half of the CO2 that is released by human activities finds its way into the ocean.

Once CO2 dissolves into oceanic waters, it results in the formation of carbonic acid. In turn, the acidity of the water rises inhibiting the growth of shells of marine organisms and causing reproductive disorders in others such as fish. With the continued increase in industrialization, more CO2 is expected to be released and absorbed into oceans, in turn, putting more pressure on marine lives.

John, P.R (2018). Ocean Acidification.
John’s article primary objective is to provide an insight of ocean acidification and its effects. According to John (2018), the CO2 produced by vehicles and agricultural and industrial processes is absorbed by oceans leads to a reduction in the pH of seawaters. Before the onset of the industrial revolution, the pH of oceanic waters was relatively stable. However, the significant industrialization that the world has witnessed since 1750 has led to a decline in the pH of sea waters from 8.19 to 8.05 which is a 30 percent rise in acidity levels.

Some scientists point out that although the acidity of sea waters has always been on the rise, the industrial revolution has been fundamental in increasing acidity levels. More concern has been on marine animals whose lives have been impacted by the increase in acidity. Scientists warn that the rise in ocean acidity will continue to present myriads of challenges that threaten the stability of marine lives.