The Bear Went Over the Mountain is a prime example of the experiences that military officers are subjected to when they are at war. In this case, the military officers of Russia were engaged in counterinsurgency measures against the mujahideen in Afghanistan. While the book is in itself simple and...

Ostrowski’s argument relates to historian George Vernadsky in that Mongol bureaucracy had no consensus on the Russsian princes leadership pattern.(p527) The influence of delayed action led to Russian princes enter into service with the Mongol rulers. According to Karl Wittfogel argument, the Mongol bureaucracy was a time bomb that led...

In “Revisiting Hiroshima in Iran: What Americans Really Think about Using Nuclear Weapons and Killing Noncombatants”, Scott D. Sagan and Benjamin A. Valentino discuss a survey they did to determine if the attitudes of Americans toward the use of nuclear weapons has really changed as much since 1945 as other...

Gandhi as the leader of a constant, prolonged, and peaceful resistance will forever be remembered in history. He played a greater role in determining the shape of India’s history than the British Empire because through his organizing efforts he was able to consistently mobilize thousands of people to break down...

What do Admiral Zheng He’s voyages tell us about China’s relationship to the outside world? Three different activities pursued by the Chinese expedition members were: trading, establishing diplomatic relations, and popularizing the Chinese authority and prestige in the region. First and foremost, the aim of Zheng He’s voyages was to...