For Germans living in Hamburg, 1933 marked a profound shift in political, economic, and social conditions when the chaos and uncertainty of the Weimar Republic were replaced by the Third Reich. To begin with, the Nuremberg laws estranged every day the Hamburg people from their Jewish neighbors who were deprived...

Siena, Italy has long been of relevance to researchers from diverse fields such as anthropology to sociology because of the city’s unique and historical “contrade” structure. Whereas the contrade itself can be related to contemporary concepts familiar to urbanists, such as districts or wards, what makes Siena’s contrade structure of...

Slavery, sadly, is probably as old as mankind. Certainly there are plenty of historical and traditional references to the practice, from the Bible and Egyptian hieroglyphics to Roman burial records and emancipation documents. In the United States, slavery almost inevitably refers to the practice of bringing Africans to America to...

In 1493, a letter from Christopher Columbus was addressed and presumably sent to Luis de Santangel, in Barcelona, Spain. The surviving document provides a detailed – and frequently glowing – account of the remarkable qualities of the native people and the lands Columbus had set upon. He presents the islands...

Throughout history, countries have extended their territories through imperialism. In the period between fifteenth and nineteenth centuries, the Europeans, Dutch and the Spanish expanded their territories by colonizing the Americans. Between the nineteenth and twentieth century however, tables turned and the America’s started extending their territories by colonizing countries in...