There are several benefits of the tax system that was introduced by Napoleon. This is mainly because the system of laws was hugely disjointed. During this time when the tax laws were introduced, the existing laws were not codified. They were based on the Roman laws, monarchial paternalism and ancient...

As Hugh Trevor-Roper asks as a guiding question of his The Crisis of the Seventeenth Century (1967) how it happened that great power and influence resided in one part of Europe marked by the Catholic religion at the start of the Renaissance had by 1700 power lie in Protestant England,...

In the case of non-European kings creating mechanisms designed to increase their power it is the Ottoman Empire and the Chinese before communism. The Ottoman centralized government and the Chinese monarchies had leaders with absolute rule from a centralized government where no checks and balances existed. Accessing a primary source...

Mongolian tribes, although seen as primitive by the outsiders, had some interesting features that allowed them to succeed in battle and be as efficient as they were. For instance, given the fact they were mostly nomadic, it was impossible to speak about a unified Mongolian army until the arrival of...

When looking at international conflicts, particularly the Cold War, it is interesting to note the strategies that actually brought about an ending to the hostility. Ronald Reagan’s policies that brought about peace were actually a result of realizing that the period of détente ushered in by Richard Nixon was actually...