The neurons of the central nervous system demonstrate the effects of systemic hypoxia before most other tissues in the body. The CNS has a high requirement for oxygen and carriers of energy. In fact, one fifth of blood flow is involved in supplying the brain with oxygen even though the...

Digestion The organs of the gastrointestinal system directly involved with digestion are the mouth, stomach, small intestine and large intestine. Each organ produces different enzymes which are activated or deactivated by changes in the acidity level of the food-fluid mixture as it moves through through the tract. Salivary glands in...

The biochemical process of pheromone component degradation from body and antenna is cardinal for olfaction by permeating sensitivity to incoming pheromones. Substrate-specific enzymes synthesized by moths are responsible for degradation of pheromone components in the body. Studies conducted using pheromone analogues and 3H-labeled pheromones coupled with the application of radioactive...

The core list of the World Health Organisation’s Model List of Essential Medicines includes the most “efficacious, safe, and cost-effective” remedies (WHO 2015, explanatory notes). Platelet transfusion belongs to this list due to its vital importance for thousands of people with haematological disorders. Platelet transfusions are needed to save people’s...

Neurons transmit signals to neurons and to other cells (muscles or glands) at the synapse (CNS Clinic, 2007). The outer membranes of the transmitting neuron and the receiving cell are separated by a fluid-filled synaptic gap, typically 20 nm wide. So in order for the transmitting neuron to affect the...