The article, dedicated to the development of a telephone-based intervention for support persons to help smokers quit, was written in 2008. The major research the research was based on relies on the empiric evidence as well as on the interviews carried out by the authors. Given the fact that the study focused on the behavioural treatment development, interviews carried out by scholars comprised an essential part of the research. Besides that, the author lists correspondence with private individuals who were involved as the actors in the experimental setting.
While analyzing empiric evidence used in the research, it shall be mentioned that the author refers to the scholarly literature in the early 2000s, given the fact that most of the references were carried out in those represent the most relevant data for the group categories in regards to regards to behaviourism. Besides, scholars also refer to studies carried out by Clinical Practice Guideline on Treating Tobacco use and dependence. This particular study was also carried out in 200 and namely provides the evidence for the role of extra-treatment support in cessations. Besides that, the study also included reviews on literature carried out in 1986 which served as the core basis for further research in the given area. The literature, to which the authors refer in the research, namely (Carlson, Goodey, Benett, Cohen) refer to social factors relevant in the research. Also, the above-mentioned studies also refer to the potential role of supporters in quitting the use of tobacco. Thus, the references to the social factors further contributed to the formation of the research base, but the different base for looking into the issue was chosen by C. Patten in their studies. Overall, the references comprised the essential part of the research was the complimentary part based on the secondary sources. Before deepening the knowledge of behavioural studies, groups of scholars, namely Fernandez, Begley and Marlatt did a preliminary research, on which Patten and al. further based their studies. Particularly, preliminary research showed the programs for supporting persons and illustrated the possible scenarios for introducing cases for healing patients. Based on these studies, scholars also developed the training intervention that was later on used in their research. Besides, these training are widely utilized in the follow-up research on the similar topic.
The theoretical literature also allowed the authors to assess further the studies of smokers and effects caused by tobacco use. The rationale for treatment was also defined thanks to the precise data, listed in the theory. Therefore, personal benefits of the treatment, as well as drawbacks, were based on the studies in the late 1990s and early 2000s. Thus, all the data presented was relevant for the groups of smokers.
The dynamics of the social environment was taken into consideration in the further assessment as well. As the approach and the research methods were referred as the studies for further use, the theoretical background was the main preparatory base used in final evaluations.
Besides the theoretical base of the research, telephone session content was included in the research as the substantial part of the findings. Written materials, as well as participants involved in the supportive session, were used for evaluating further practical information. Thus, the research was based on different lines of theoretically existing materials with the practical aspects necessary for consideration. Groups of persons were eventually distinguished, depending on their social functions. The final outcomes presented to the public were delivered with the examination of statistical data.
- 1. Bauer, T., Göhlmann, S., & Sinning, M. (2006). Gender differences in smoking behaviour. London: Centre for Economic Policy Research.
- 2. Ojeda, A. (2002). Smoking. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Press.
- 3. Thrush, D. (1998). Towards an understanding of the adolescent smoking phenomenon. University of Surrey.
- 4. Swan, A., Murray, M., & Jarrett, L. (1991). Smoking behaviour from pre-adolescence to young adulthood. Aldershot, Hants, England: Avebury.
- T. Newburn, M. (2005). Dealing with disaffection: young people, mentoring and social inclusion. Taylor & Francis.
